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Global Zero Liquid Discharge by System Type (Conventional ZLD, Hybrid ZLD)
[254 Pages] According to Persistence Market Research, the Zero Liquid Discharge will generate US$ 928.6 million in revenue by 2023. According to IEA, almost 2.3 billion people lack sufficient sanitation and wastewater management facilities in urban areas. To attain sustainable development goals across regions, several domestic and international investment is directed towards water and wastewater management solutions. This is expected to drive the market for zero liquid discharge over the forecast period. The global market for zero liquid discharge is expected to reach US$ 2,061.2 million by 2033, growing at a CAGR of 8.3% between 2023 and 2033.
The market for zero liquid discharge is driven by the water treatment sector and strict restrictions implemented by governments in various countries. Increasing demand from several end use sector such as oil and gas, food, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals is surging the growth of zero liquid discharge systems.
| Attributes | Key Insights |
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Global Zero Liquid Discharge Size (2022A) |
US$ 860.0 Mn |
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Global Zero Liquid Discharge Size (2023E) |
US$ 928.6 Mn |
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Projected Zero Liquid Discharge Value (2033F) |
US$ 2,061.2 Mn |
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Value CAGR (2023-2033) |
8.3% |
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Collective Value Share: Top 3 Countries (2022) |
32.4% |
For the treatment of high salinity brines, new technologies including forward osmosis (FO) membranes and electro-separation systems in the field of ZLD (Zero Liquid Discharge) have been introduced. The forward osmosis membrane technology's low operating pressure and fast cross-flow velocity give it greater ability to accomplish dissolved solids separation on high fouling streams.
The demand for hybrid zero liquid discharge is projected to account for about 67.9% in the estimated year 2022. The zero liquid discharge account for about 1-2% of its parent market during the estimated year 2022.
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Zero liquid discharge are being used, particularly in the mining and industrial sectors, to recover valuable minerals and byproducts from waste streams. The demand for zero liquid discharge is projected to grow at a robust CAGR to reach a valuation of about US$ 928.6 Mn by the end of 2023. Regulations governing wastewater discharge limits in various nations around the world have set and implemented strict policies and guidelines for industrial plants and municipal bodies to meet zero liquid discharge norms to stop the deterioration of water quality in their countries. This is due to a growing awareness of the need to protect the environment from the discharge of harmful wastewater effluents.
For instance, the ZLD mandates set by the EU Water Framework Directive in the European Union, and the Effluent Limitation Guidelines (ELGs) set by the Environment Protection Agency in the U.S are few of the regulations provided by regulatory bodies. Freshwater has recently been in low supply for domestic, industrial, and drinking needs. Implementing zero liquid discharge (ZLD) technologies has found use in the desalination of seawater to produce useable water. ZLD desalination techniques are now employed largely to treat industrial waste streams and cooling water from power plants.
Between 2023 and 2033, the zero liquid discharge systems market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 8.1% during the first half and 8.4% during the second half of forecast period. By 2033, the market is anticipated to create an absolute dollar opportunity of about US$ 2,061.2 Mn.
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A growing population, scarcity of fresh water supplies, an abundance of seawater, and rapid industrialization will all increase costs for desalination facilities over the forecasted period. Doosan Energy would invest 840 billion won to build a saltwater desalination facility in Saudi Arabia, as stated in the announcement from August 2022. Desalination plants and their technology are receiving significant investment in order to reduce the amount of industrial effluent that enters the environment.
Recently, there has not been enough freshwater available to meet drinking, industrial, and domestic needs. Desalination of seawater to provide drinkable water is one application for Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) technology. Additionally, the concentrate is processed in applications of zero liquid discharge (ZLD) for desalination to produce water with zero discharge of liquid waste from the process. Today, industrial waste streams and power plant cooling water are primarily treated using ZLD desalination processes. ZLD techniques with a long history include thermal desalination and evaporation ponds. As a result, a key driver of the market's growth has been the use of ZLD for desalination.
“Rising investment in innovative ZLD technologies gaining traction in the market”
For the treatment of high salinity brines, new technologies including Forward Osmosis (FO) membranes and electro-separation systems in the field of ZLD have been introduced. The forward osmosis membrane technology's low operating pressure and fast cross flow velocity give it greater ability to accomplish dissolved solids separation on high fouling streams.
The crucial intermediate step of the ZLD process could be performed using membrane technology instead of a Membrane Brine Concentrator (MBC), which offers lower energy consumption, reduced capital cost, improved reliability, and the ability to achieve higher water recovery. This would allow the final ZLD step of crystallisation to operate at a lower flow and lower energy.
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“Availability of other alternatives might limit the market growth”
There are several other alternative solutions for water and wastewater management with low operating costs, and capital expenditure such as minimal liquid discharge which might limit the growth of zero liquid discharge systems. As opposed to installing and implementing a zero liquid discharge (ZLD) arrangement, it has been claimed that the other systems enable manufacturers and municipal authorities to recover around 95% of the liquid discharge from their wastewater treatment plants at reduced costs.
As a result, the other alternative technologies have been adopted by international and local governments as a financially appealing substitute for ZLD because it also aids in complying with international regulations regarding wastewater discharge limitations. The different water and wastewater management technologies such as minimal liquid discharge offers high opportunity to achieve substantial gains in terms of noteworthy reduction in discharge mitigation costs which are more preferable in the end-use industries.
Where does the India market stand in the Global Market for Zero liquid discharge systems?
“Increasing government intervention in India too boost the market at a value CAGR of 11.3%”
Changing climatic conditions, rising awareness among end users, changing government regulations & policies, and increasing capital expenditure are a few factors driving the market for zero liquid discharge systems. Also, several environmental associations are creating awareness among the increasing pollution of water resources. Due to the government's assistance and PLI plans for application areas including chemicals and pharmaceuticals, mining, and power generation for treating wastewater produced from these industries,the demand for ZLD systems are projected to surge in the upcoming years. India has a number of projects planned for the upcoming years and is projected to grow at a robust value CAGR of about 11.3% during the forecast period.
Which region offers a lucrative market for zero liquid discharge?
“Rising demand from end-use industries to boost the demand for zero liquid discharge systems in East Asia”
Power sector is one of the growing end-use industries in the East Asia with the creation of significant market opportunities for zero liquid discharge systems in the region. Power plants are creating huge amounts of wastewater that are difficult to treat and process. Also, the wastewater generated by several end-use industries requires efficient systems to eliminate pollutants from wastewater that is driving the market for ZLD systems.
Several government authorities have made regulatory changes to emphasize on water efficiency and reuse in power plants which is expected to enhance the installation of ZLD systems in the region.
Why does Hybrid Zero Liquid Discharge is most Procured ?
“Hybrid Zero Liquid Discharge to account for about 67.9% in the estimated year 2022”
Hybrid ZLD systems have proven to be much more cost-effective in the long run since they utilise less energy, even if they need a higher initial capital investment than traditional ZLD systems. Because of their low operational costs, these systems are widely accepted.
About 67.9% of the global market is made up of hybrid systems. Compared to traditional ZLD systems, these offer the most flexible water treatment characteristics.
Which End use application is expected to be the lucrative markets?
“Power generation to boost the market growth and account for about 13.4% market share”
There is a need for wastewater treatment in power plants because the systems used to remove pollutants and other dangerous chemicals from power plant emissions produce complex water and wastewater that is challenging to handle. Zero liquid discharge helps to get rid of different pollutants such salts, organic compounds, particulate matter, heavy metals, etc. and is expected to open up markets for ZLD in multiple regions. Power generation segment is estimated to account for about 13.4% market value share in 2022.
The zero liquid discharge market is moderately fragmented with several manufacturing companies present in the market. In order to lessen rivalry and increase their manufacturing operations in developing nations, the majority of the firms profiled in the research have concentrated on purchasing other market participants. The strategy includes several components, including innovation, teaming up with significant players, collaborations, forging alliances, and enhancing local and global distribution networks. Veolia, SUEZ, Alfa Laval AB, Andritz Group, GEA Group are a few of the well-known companies in the international market and are the major manufacturers who are preparing to establish their own market positions and are keen to preserve their unique identities. Some of the key developments are:
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Forecast Period |
2023-2033 |
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Historical Data Available for |
2017-2022 |
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Pricing |
Available upon Request |
By System Type
By Application
By Region
The Global Zero Liquid Discharge is estimated to be valued at over US$ 928.6 Mn as of 2023.
Zero Liquid Discharge are projected to increase at 8.3% CAGR and is expected to be valued at around US$ 2,061.2 Mn by 2033 end.
Veolia, SUEZ, Alfa Laval AB, Andritz Group, GEA Group and are some of the leading players in the overall market.
East Asia region to be the lucrative market for Zero liquid discharge systems over the forecast period 2023-2033.
