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Infectious diseases are the type of disorders caused by different organisms such as bacteria, virus, fungi or parasites. The organism can be harmful or helpful to the human body and under some conditions the organism causes different diseases. Diseases can be transferable from person to person, bites of insects and animals, through ingestion of contaminated food or water or being exposed to organisms in the environment.
Signs and symptoms such as fever, fatigue, etc. vary depending on the type of organism causing the infection. Mild infection can be treated through prescribed medicines by physicians while life threatening infections may require hospitalization. Many infectious disease such as measles and chickenpox have been controlled through vaccination programs. Taking precautions such as creating clean environment, proper sanitization and thorough hand-washing also helps to protect individuals from most infectious diseases.
Cholera infection re-entered Peru in 1996 and spread through the existing sanitation and water systems, causing over 3,000 deaths. Seafood exports were embargoed from Peru and tourism decreased, costing an estimated loss of at least US$ 770 Mn to the Peruvian economy in one year.
International military networks such as the U.S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections System (DoD-GEIS), private clinics, individual scientists and public health practitioners are the networks which provide the formal information sources for the spread of infectious diseases. Easy approval from Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for drug regulation in market, and role of major key players also plays an important role for the infectious disease treatment market.